How to Start an LLC

Starting an LLC takes a handful of steps: choose a name, appoint a registered agent, file formation documents, and get an EIN. Here's the full checklist.

Starting an LLC is a straightforward state registration process that most owners complete in a few days to a few weeks. You choose a name, appoint a registered agent, file formation documents with your state, and get an Employer Identification Number (EIN) from the IRS.

To start an LLC, you file formation documents — usually called Articles of Organization or a Certificate of Formation — with your state's Secretary of State, pay the filing fee, and then obtain an EIN from the IRS. That is the entire legal core of the process; everything else is preparation and follow-up.

The LLC Startup Checklist at a Glance

• Choose a business name that meets state rules.
• Appoint a registered agent with a physical address in your state.
• File formation documents and pay the state fee.
• Get an EIN from the IRS.
• Draft an operating agreement (recommended).
• Open a business bank account.

You can complete every item on this list yourself, or use a formation service to handle the filing for you. Either way, the underlying steps are the same in every state.

Step 1: Choose a Compliant Business Name

Your LLC name must be unique in your state and must include a designator such as "LLC" or "Limited Liability Company." Most states also restrict words that imply a different business type, like "bank" or "insurance." Search your state's business name database before you file — most Secretary of State websites offer a free lookup tool, and some states let you reserve a name for a small fee while you prepare your filing.

Step 2: Appoint a Registered Agent

Every LLC must have a registered agent: a person or company with a physical street address in the state who accepts legal documents on the LLC's behalf. You can serve as your own registered agent in most states, or hire a registered agent service for roughly $50 to $300 per year. The agent's address is public record, so many owners prefer a service to keep their home address off the filing.

Step 3: File Your Formation Documents

File your formation documents online or by mail with the Secretary of State. The filing fee ranges from approximately $40 to $500 depending on the state — fees change frequently, so confirm the current amount on your state's website. Online filing is faster and usually cheaper than mailing paper forms, and most states now accept credit card payments at the time of filing.

Step 4: Get an EIN from the IRS

An EIN is your LLC's federal tax ID, and it is free from the IRS. You need it to open a business bank account, hire employees, and file taxes. Single-member LLCs without employees can use the owner's Social Security number in some cases, but an EIN is still recommended to keep personal and business finances separate. You can apply online and receive your EIN immediately.

After You Start: Operating Agreement and Bank Account

Most states do not require an operating agreement, but it is a smart document to have — it records ownership, profit splits, and management rules. You should also open a dedicated business bank account so your liability protection holds up in practice. For a deeper look at the timeline, see how long it takes to get an LLC, and for the budget side, review how much an LLC costs. As of 2026, the process is fully online in nearly every state, which keeps the total time short for most owners.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I start an LLC?

Choose a unique business name, appoint a registered agent, file formation documents with your state's Secretary of State, and pay the filing fee. Then get an EIN from the IRS, draft an operating agreement, and open a business bank account. Most states allow online filing.

What documents do I need to start an LLC?

The main document is your formation filing, called Articles of Organization or a Certificate of Formation depending on the state. You will also need your chosen business name, a registered agent with a physical address, and owner information. An operating agreement is recommended but not required in most states.

How much does it cost to start an LLC?

State filing fees range from approximately $40 to $500, with most states charging $50 to $200. Optional costs include a registered agent service at $50 to $300 per year and annual report fees in many states. Fees change frequently, so confirm the current amount with your Secretary of State.

How long does it take to start an LLC?

Online filings are often approved in 1 to 5 business days, while mail filings can take 2 to 8 weeks depending on the state. Some states offer expedited processing for an extra fee. After approval, you can get an EIN from the IRS immediately online.